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Brian Butterworth FBA is emeritus professor of cognitive neuropsychology in the Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience at University College London.〔(Emeritus Staff ) – UCL Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, accessed 30 October 2012〕 His research has ranged from speech errors and pauses, short-term memory deficits, dyslexia, reading both in alphabetic scripts and Chinese, and mathematics and dyscalculia. His book ''The Mathematical Brain''〔Butterworth, B. (1999). ''The Mathematical Brain''. London: Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-333-76610-1〕 has been translated into four languages. He was Editor-in-Chief of Linguistics (1978–1983) and a founding editor of the journals, "Language and Cognitive Processes" and "Mathematical Cognition". He is a Fellow of the British Academy. In the serious game for elementary school children with dyscalculia, Meister Cody, he lend his voice to Quoun, the Guardian of the Trees.〔(''Making of Meister Cody - Talasia'' Youtube. Retrieved 2015-09-21 )〕 In 1984 he diagnosed President Ronald Reagan on the basis of speech errors in his presidential re-election speeches in an article in the Sunday Times as having Alzheimer's disease ten years before this was formally identified.〔''The Sunday Times'', 4 November 1984〕〔 This reference discusses Butterworth's study on Reagan〕〔 Another mention of Butterworth's study〕 He was a coauthor in 1971 of a pamphlet, ''Marked for life'', critical of university examinations.〔Powell A. Butterworth B. (1971). ''Marked for life'': a criticism of assessment at universities. London, Anarchist Group ISBN 978-0-901807-01-4〕 He designed the world's largest mathematical experiment involving over 18,000 people at Explore-At-Bristol.〔(The world’s largest maths experiment )〕 __NOTOC__ ==Subitizing experiment== Subitizing concerns the ability to instantly identify the number of items without counting. Collections of four or below are usually subitised with collections of larger numbers being counted. Brian Butterworth designed an experiment that ran as an interactive exhibit at the Explore-At-Bristol science museum to find whether subitising differed between women and men. Participants were asked to estimate as fast as they could between one and 10 dots and press the answer on a touch screen. How long they took—their reaction time—was measured. Over 18,000 people took part—the largest number ever to take part in a mathematical cognition experiment.〔(BBC:Women beat men in maths test )〕 He announced his finding that women were better than men at subitising at the British Association for the Advancement of Science's 2003 annual science festival.〔 He also found that people were six per cent faster on calculating the number of dots if they were presented on the left side of the screen (and so right sided lateralised in the brain) but only if there were five or more and so counted.〔〔(New Scientist 11 September 2003 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Brian Butterworth」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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